Dr. Shiva is an Indian scholar and environmental expert. She has written and spoken extensively about advances in the fields of agriculture and food, intellectual property rights, biodiversity, biotechnology, bioethics, and genetic engineering. Trained as a physicist, she later shifted to inter-disciplinary research in science, technology and environmental policy. In 1982, she founded an independent institute – the Research Foundation for Science, Technology and Ecology in Dehra Dun and in 1991, she established Navdanya, a national movement to protect the diversity and integrity of living resources – especially native seed – and to promote organic farming and fair trade. In 2004, Dr. Shiva started Bija Vidyapeeth, an international college for sustainable living in Doon Valley in collaboration with Schumacher College, U.K.